Ingredient guide
Bromelain is a mix of protein-breaking enzymes from pineapple. Its best-supported uses are easing sinus and post-surgery swelling, and modest joint comfort in osteoarthritis. The broader claims rest on early evidence.
Limited evidenceBromelain is a group of protein-breaking enzymes extracted mostly from pineapple stems. It has been used for decades as both a digestive aid and an anti-inflammatory ingredient. The FDA classes it as generally recognised as safe. Potency is measured in special units (GDU or MCU) rather than just by weight.
When you take bromelain on an empty stomach, some is absorbed intact and can act on inflammatory signals in the body. It appears to influence the mediators that drive swelling, which is the basis for its use after sinus surgery and in osteoarthritis. Taken with meals, it works mostly in the gut as a protein-digesting enzyme.
The clearest support is for acute swelling. A clinical review concluded that bromelain is effective for easing soft-tissue swelling, joint stiffness, and pain linked with osteoarthritis, and for sinus and nasal swelling when used alongside standard care. Several small trials of after-surgery use report less bruising and faster recovery.
Bromelain is also used as a digestive aid, though direct human evidence for routine indigestion is thin. Some research suggests it may modestly improve symptoms of dyspepsia in combination products. We grade the overall human evidence as limited for most uses, with the strongest case for short-term swelling and joint comfort.
For an anti-inflammatory effect, take it between meals at 80 mg to 400 mg per dose, two to three times a day, and look for a clear GDU or MCU figure on the label. For digestion, take it with a protein-containing meal. Avoid it before any planned surgery and if you take blood thinners without a clinician's input.
Trials use about 80 mg to 400 mg per dose, taken two to three times a day. Bromelain potency is measured in GDU or MCU units rather than just milligrams, so check the label. Take between meals for anti-inflammatory effects, or with meals as a digestive enzyme. Ask your healthcare provider before regular use if you take blood-thinning medicine.
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For anti-inflammatory effects, between meals on an empty stomach is the standard. For digestion, take it with a meal that contains protein.
GDU stands for gelatin digesting unit, a measure of bromelain's enzyme activity. Two products with the same milligrams can have very different strengths, so the unit matters.
Use caution. It has a mild blood-thinning effect, so check with a doctor or pharmacist if you take warfarin, aspirin, or similar medicines.